forked from menault/2026_TD1_DEV51_Qualite_Algo
488 lines
15 KiB
C
488 lines
15 KiB
C
/*
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* R5.A.04 - Qualité Algorithmique
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* TD Profiling : analyseur de fréquence de mots
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*
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* Le programme génère un texte pseudo-aléatoire (toujours le même, grâce
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* à une graine fixe), puis :
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* 1. découpe le texte en lignes et le normalise (minuscules, ponctuation)
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* 2. compte les occurrences de chaque mot (hors mots vides)
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* 3. trie les mots par fréquence
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* 4. calcule des statistiques sur la longueur des mots
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* 5. analyse les bigrammes de lettres
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* 6. génère un rapport complet dans rapport.txt
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*
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* L'empreinte affichée à la fin doit rester IDENTIQUE après optimisation :
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* elle prouve que le résultat du programme n'a pas changé.
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*
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* Compilation : gcc -O0 -g -pg analyseur.c -o analyseur
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* Exécution : ./analyseur
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* Profil : gprof ./analyseur gmon.out > profil.txt
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*/
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#define NB_MOTS_TEXTE 250000
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#define NB_MOTS_VOCAB 7000
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#define TAILLE_MOT 32
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#define MAX_MOTS_UNIQUES 20000
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#define TAILLE_HACHAGE 65536
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#define GRAINE 20261006UL
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Générateur pseudo-aléatoire (identique sur toutes les machines) */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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static unsigned long etat_alea = GRAINE;
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unsigned long alea(void)
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{
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etat_alea = etat_alea * 6364136223846793005UL + 1442695040888963407UL;
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return etat_alea >> 33;
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Fonctions utilitaires sur les chaînes */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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int longueur(const char *s)
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{
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int n = 0;
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while (s[n] != '\0')
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n++;
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return n;
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}
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void copier(char *dest, const char *src)
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{
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int i = 0;
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while (src[i] != '\0') {
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dest[i] = src[i];
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i++;
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}
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dest[i] = '\0';
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}
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int egales(const char *a, const char *b)
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{
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int i = 0;
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while (a[i] != '\0' && b[i] != '\0') {
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if (a[i] != b[i])
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return 0;
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i++;
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}
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return a[i] == b[i];
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}
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int comparer(const char *a, const char *b)
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{
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int i = 0;
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while (a[i] != '\0' && a[i] == b[i])
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i++;
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return (unsigned char)a[i] - (unsigned char)b[i];
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}
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void ajouter(char *dest, const char *src)
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{
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copier(dest + longueur(dest), src);
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}
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char en_minuscule(char c)
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{
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if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
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return c - 'A' + 'a';
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return c;
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}
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int est_lettre(char c)
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{
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return (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z');
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Génération du texte */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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static const char *MOTS_VIDES[] = {
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"le", "la", "les", "un", "une", "des", "du", "de", "et", "ou",
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"mais", "donc", "or", "ni", "car", "que", "qui", "quoi", "dont", "ou",
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"a", "au", "aux", "en", "dans", "par", "pour", "sur", "sous", "avec",
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"sans", "chez", "vers", "entre", "il", "elle", "ils", "elles", "on", "nous",
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"vous", "je", "tu", "se", "ce", "cet", "cette", "ces", "son", "sa",
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"ses", "leur", "leurs", "mon", "ma", "mes", "ne", "pas", "plus", "est"
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};
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#define NB_MOTS_VIDES ((int)(sizeof(MOTS_VIDES) / sizeof(MOTS_VIDES[0])))
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static const char *SYLLABES[] = {
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"ba", "be", "bi", "bo", "ca", "co", "da", "de", "di", "fa", "fi", "ga",
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"go", "la", "le", "li", "lo", "ma", "me", "mi", "mo", "na", "ne", "no",
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"pa", "pe", "pi", "po", "ra", "re", "ri", "ro", "sa", "se", "si", "so",
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"ta", "te", "ti", "to", "va", "ve", "vi", "vo", "tion", "ment", "eur", "ique"
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};
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#define NB_SYLLABES ((int)(sizeof(SYLLABES) / sizeof(SYLLABES[0])))
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char **generer_vocabulaire(void)
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{
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char **vocab = malloc(NB_MOTS_VOCAB * sizeof(char *));
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for (int i = 0; i < NB_MOTS_VOCAB; i++) {
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vocab[i] = malloc(TAILLE_MOT);
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vocab[i][0] = '\0';
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int nb_syllabes = 2 + alea() % 3;
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for (int j = 0; j < nb_syllabes; j++)
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ajouter(vocab[i], SYLLABES[alea() % NB_SYLLABES]);
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}
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return vocab;
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}
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char *generer_texte(char **vocab, int nb_mots)
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{
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char *texte = malloc((size_t)nb_mots * (TAILLE_MOT + 2) + 1);
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long pos = 0;
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int debut_phrase = 1;
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int mots_restants_phrase = 8 + alea() % 8;
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for (int i = 0; i < nb_mots; i++) {
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const char *mot;
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if (alea() % 100 < 40) {
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mot = MOTS_VIDES[alea() % NB_MOTS_VIDES];
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} else {
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/* distribution biaisée : certains mots sont bien plus fréquents */
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unsigned long r1 = alea() % NB_MOTS_VOCAB;
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unsigned long r2 = alea() % NB_MOTS_VOCAB;
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mot = vocab[(r1 * r2) / NB_MOTS_VOCAB];
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}
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for (int j = 0; mot[j] != '\0'; j++) {
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char c = mot[j];
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if (debut_phrase && j == 0)
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c = c - 'a' + 'A';
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texte[pos++] = c;
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}
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debut_phrase = 0;
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mots_restants_phrase--;
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if (mots_restants_phrase == 0) {
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texte[pos++] = '.';
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texte[pos++] = '\n';
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debut_phrase = 1;
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mots_restants_phrase = 8 + alea() % 8;
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} else if (alea() % 10 == 0) {
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texte[pos++] = ',';
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texte[pos++] = ' ';
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} else {
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texte[pos++] = ' ';
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}
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}
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texte[pos++] = '\n';
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texte[pos] = '\0';
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return texte;
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Découpage et normalisation */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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char **decouper_lignes(const char *texte, int *nb_lignes)
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{
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int capacite = 1024;
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char **lignes = malloc(capacite * sizeof(char *));
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int n = 0;
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int debut = 0;
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for (int i = 0; texte[i] != '\0'; i++) {
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if (texte[i] == '\n') {
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int taille = i - debut;
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if (n == capacite) {
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capacite *= 2;
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lignes = realloc(lignes, capacite * sizeof(char *));
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}
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lignes[n] = malloc(taille + 1);
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for (int j = 0; j < taille; j++)
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lignes[n][j] = texte[debut + j];
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lignes[n][taille] = '\0';
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n++;
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debut = i + 1;
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}
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}
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*nb_lignes = n;
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return lignes;
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}
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void normaliser_ligne(char *ligne)
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{
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for (int i = 0; i < longueur(ligne); i++) {
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if (est_lettre(ligne[i]))
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ligne[i] = en_minuscule(ligne[i]);
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else
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ligne[i] = ' ';
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}
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Comptage des mots */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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typedef struct {
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char mot[TAILLE_MOT];
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int occurrences;
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} Entree;
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int est_mot_vide(const char *mot)
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{
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for (int i = 0; i < NB_MOTS_VIDES; i++) {
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if (egales(mot, MOTS_VIDES[i]))
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return 1;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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unsigned long hacher_mot(const char *mot)
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{
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unsigned long h = 2166136261UL;
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for (int i = 0; mot[i] != '\0'; i++) {
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h ^= (unsigned char)mot[i];
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h *= 16777619UL;
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}
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return h % TAILLE_HACHAGE;
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}
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int chercher_mot(const Entree *table, const int *index_mots, const char *mot,
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int *position)
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{
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unsigned long case_hachage = hacher_mot(mot);
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for (int i = 0; i < TAILLE_HACHAGE; i++) {
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int indice = index_mots[case_hachage] - 1;
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if (indice < 0) {
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*position = (int)case_hachage;
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return -1;
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}
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if (egales(table[indice].mot, mot)) {
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*position = (int)case_hachage;
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return indice;
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}
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case_hachage = (case_hachage + 1) % TAILLE_HACHAGE;
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}
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*position = -1;
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return -1;
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}
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void compter_mot(Entree *table, int *nb_entrees, int *index_mots,
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const char *mot)
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{
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int position;
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int indice = chercher_mot(table, index_mots, mot, &position);
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if (indice >= 0) {
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table[indice].occurrences++;
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} else if (position >= 0 && *nb_entrees < MAX_MOTS_UNIQUES) {
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copier(table[*nb_entrees].mot, mot);
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table[*nb_entrees].occurrences = 1;
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index_mots[position] = *nb_entrees + 1;
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(*nb_entrees)++;
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}
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}
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void compter_mots_ligne(Entree *table, int *nb_entrees, int *index_mots,
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const char *ligne, long *nb_mots_total)
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{
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char mot[TAILLE_MOT];
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int i = 0;
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while (ligne[i] != '\0') {
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while (ligne[i] == ' ')
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i++;
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int k = 0;
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while (ligne[i] != '\0' && ligne[i] != ' ') {
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if (k < TAILLE_MOT - 1)
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mot[k++] = ligne[i];
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i++;
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}
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mot[k] = '\0';
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if (k > 0) {
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(*nb_mots_total)++;
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if (!est_mot_vide(mot))
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compter_mot(table, nb_entrees, index_mots, mot);
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}
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}
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Tri : par nombre d'occurrences décroissant, puis ordre alphabétique */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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int doit_echanger(const Entree *a, const Entree *b)
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{
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if (a->occurrences != b->occurrences)
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return a->occurrences < b->occurrences;
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return comparer(a->mot, b->mot) > 0;
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}
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void trier_entrees(Entree *table, int n)
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{
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for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
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for (int j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; j++) {
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if (doit_echanger(&table[j], &table[j + 1])) {
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Entree tmp = table[j];
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table[j] = table[j + 1];
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table[j + 1] = tmp;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Statistiques */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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double longueur_moyenne(const Entree *table, int n)
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{
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long total = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
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total += longueur(table[i].mot);
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return (double)total / n;
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}
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double ecart_type_longueur(const Entree *table, int n)
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{
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double moyenne = longueur_moyenne(table, n);
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double somme = 0.0;
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for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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/* double ecart = longueur(table[i].mot) - longueur_moyenne(table, n);*/
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double ecart = longueur(table[i].mot) - moyenne;
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somme += ecart * ecart;
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}
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return somme / n; /* variance ; la racine est prise dans main */
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}
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/* Recherche du bigramme de lettres le plus fréquent, avec en bonus la
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* troisième lettre qui le suit le plus souvent. */
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void analyser_bigrammes(char **lignes, int nb_lignes,
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char *meilleur, int *occ_meilleur)
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{
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static int trigrammes[26][26][26];
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for (int l = 0; l < nb_lignes; l++) {
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const char *s = lignes[l];
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for (int i = 0; s[i] != '\0' && s[i + 1] != '\0' && s[i + 2] != '\0'; i++) {
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if (est_lettre(s[i]) && est_lettre(s[i + 1]) && est_lettre(s[i + 2]))
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trigrammes[s[i] - 'a'][s[i + 1] - 'a'][s[i + 2] - 'a']++;
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}
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}
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*occ_meilleur = -1;
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for (int a = 0; a < 26; a++) {
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for (int b = 0; b < 26; b++) {
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int total = 0;
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for (int c = 0; c < 26; c++)
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total += trigrammes[a][b][c];
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if (total > *occ_meilleur) {
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*occ_meilleur = total;
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int meilleur_c = 0;
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for (int c = 1; c < 26; c++)
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if (trigrammes[a][b][c] > trigrammes[a][b][meilleur_c])
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meilleur_c = c;
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meilleur[0] = 'a' + a;
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meilleur[1] = 'a' + b;
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meilleur[2] = 'a' + meilleur_c;
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meilleur[3] = '\0';
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}
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}
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}
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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/* Rapport */
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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char *construire_rapport(const Entree *table, int n)
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{
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char *rapport = malloc((size_t)n * 64 + 256);
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char ligne[128];
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rapport[0] = '\0';
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ajouter(rapport, "rang;mot;occurrences\n");
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for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
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snprintf(ligne, sizeof(ligne), "%d;%s;%d\n",
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i + 1, table[i].mot, table[i].occurrences);
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ajouter(rapport, ligne);
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}
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return rapport;
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}
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unsigned long empreinte(const char *s)
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{
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unsigned long h = 1469598103934665603UL;
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for (int i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {
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h ^= (unsigned char)s[i];
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h *= 1099511628211UL;
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}
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return h;
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}
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/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
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double racine(double x)
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{
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double r = x > 1.0 ? x : 1.0;
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for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
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r = 0.5 * (r + x / r);
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return r;
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}
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int main(void)
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{
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char **vocab = generer_vocabulaire();
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char *texte = generer_texte(vocab, NB_MOTS_TEXTE);
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int nb_lignes;
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char **lignes = decouper_lignes(texte, &nb_lignes);
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for (int i = 0; i < nb_lignes; i++)
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normaliser_ligne(lignes[i]);
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Entree *table = malloc(MAX_MOTS_UNIQUES * sizeof(Entree));
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int *index_mots = calloc(TAILLE_HACHAGE, sizeof(int));
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int nb_entrees = 0;
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long nb_mots_total = 0;
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for (int i = 0; i < nb_lignes; i++)
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compter_mots_ligne(table, &nb_entrees, index_mots, lignes[i],
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&nb_mots_total);
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trier_entrees(table, nb_entrees);
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double moyenne = longueur_moyenne(table, nb_entrees);
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double ecart_type = racine(ecart_type_longueur(table, nb_entrees));
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char trigramme[4];
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int occ_trigramme;
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analyser_bigrammes(lignes, nb_lignes, trigramme, &occ_trigramme);
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char *rapport = construire_rapport(table, nb_entrees);
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FILE *f = fopen("rapport.txt", "w");
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if (f != NULL) {
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fputs(rapport, f);
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fclose(f);
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}
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printf("Lignes analysées : %d\n", nb_lignes);
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printf("Mots au total : %ld\n", nb_mots_total);
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printf("Mots distincts : %d\n", nb_entrees);
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printf("Longueur moyenne : %.3f (écart-type %.3f)\n", moyenne, ecart_type);
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printf("Bigramme le + courant : \"%c%c\" (%d fois, souvent suivi de '%c')\n",
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trigramme[0], trigramme[1], occ_trigramme, trigramme[2]);
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printf("\nTop 10 :\n");
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for (int i = 0; i < 10 && i < nb_entrees; i++)
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printf(" %2d. %-16s %d\n", i + 1, table[i].mot, table[i].occurrences);
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printf("\nEmpreinte du rapport : %016lx\n", empreinte(rapport));
|
|
|
|
free(rapport);
|
|
free(index_mots);
|
|
free(table);
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < nb_lignes; i++)
|
|
free(lignes[i]);
|
|
free(lignes);
|
|
free(texte);
|
|
for (int i = 0; i < NB_MOTS_VOCAB; i++)
|
|
free(vocab[i]);
|
|
free(vocab);
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|