<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace flight\net;

use flight\util\Collection;

/**
 * The Request class represents an HTTP request. Data from
 * all the super globals $_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE, and $_FILES
 * are stored and accessible via the Request object.
 *
 * @license MIT, http://flightphp.com/license
 * @copyright Copyright (c) 2011, Mike Cao <mike@mikecao.com>
 *
 * The default request properties are:
 *
 *   - **url** - The URL being requested
 *   - **base** - The parent subdirectory of the URL
 *   - **method** - The request method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
 *   - **referrer** - The referrer URL
 *   - **ip** - IP address of the client
 *   - **ajax** - Whether the request is an AJAX request
 *   - **scheme** - The server protocol (http, https)
 *   - **user_agent** - Browser information
 *   - **type** - The content type
 *   - **length** - The content length
 *   - **query** - Query string parameters
 *   - **data** - Post parameters
 *   - **cookies** - Cookie parameters
 *   - **files** - Uploaded files
 *   - **secure** - Connection is secure
 *   - **accept** - HTTP accept parameters
 *   - **proxy_ip** - Proxy IP address of the client
 */
class Request
{
    /**
     * URL being requested
     */
    public string $url;

    /**
     * Parent subdirectory of the URL
     */
    public string $base;

    /**
     * Request method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
     */
    public string $method;

    /**
     * Referrer URL
     */
    public string $referrer;

    /**
     * IP address of the client
     */
    public string $ip;

    /**
     * Whether the request is an AJAX request
     */
    public bool $ajax;

    /**
     * Server protocol (http, https)
     */
    public string $scheme;

    /**
     * Browser information
     */
    public string $user_agent;

    /**
     * Content type
     */
    public string $type;

    /**
     * Content length
     */
    public int $length;

    /**
     * Query string parameters
     */
    public Collection $query;

    /**
     * Post parameters
     */
    public Collection $data;

    /**
     * Cookie parameters
     */
    public Collection $cookies;

    /**
     * Uploaded files
     */
    public Collection $files;

    /**
     * Whether the connection is secure
     */
    public bool $secure;

    /**
     * HTTP accept parameters
     */
    public string $accept;

    /**
     * Proxy IP address of the client
     */
    public string $proxy_ip;

    /**
     * HTTP host name
     */
    public string $host;

    /**
     * Stream path for where to pull the request body from
     */
    private string $stream_path = 'php://input';

    /**
     * Raw HTTP request body
     */
    public string $body = '';

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param array<string, mixed> $config Request configuration
     */
    public function __construct(array $config = [])
    {
        // Default properties
        if (empty($config)) {
            $config = [
                'url'        => str_replace('@', '%40', self::getVar('REQUEST_URI', '/')),
                'base'       => str_replace(['\\', ' '], ['/', '%20'], \dirname(self::getVar('SCRIPT_NAME'))),
                'method'     => self::getMethod(),
                'referrer'   => self::getVar('HTTP_REFERER'),
                'ip'         => self::getVar('REMOTE_ADDR'),
                'ajax'       => self::getVar('HTTP_X_REQUESTED_WITH') === 'XMLHttpRequest',
                'scheme'     => self::getScheme(),
                'user_agent' => self::getVar('HTTP_USER_AGENT'),
                'type'       => self::getVar('CONTENT_TYPE'),
                'length'     => intval(self::getVar('CONTENT_LENGTH', 0)),
                'query'      => new Collection($_GET),
                'data'       => new Collection($_POST),
                'cookies'    => new Collection($_COOKIE),
                'files'      => new Collection($_FILES),
                'secure'     => self::getScheme() === 'https',
                'accept'     => self::getVar('HTTP_ACCEPT'),
                'proxy_ip'   => self::getProxyIpAddress(),
                'host'       => self::getVar('HTTP_HOST'),
            ];
        }

        $this->init($config);
    }

    /**
     * Initialize request properties.
     *
     * @param array<string, mixed> $properties Array of request properties
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function init(array $properties = []): self
    {
        // Set all the defined properties
        foreach ($properties as $name => $value) {
            $this->{$name} = $value;
        }

        // Get the requested URL without the base directory
        // This rewrites the url in case the public url and base directories match
        // (such as installing on a subdirectory in a web server)
        // @see testInitUrlSameAsBaseDirectory
        if ($this->base !== '/' && $this->base !== '' && strpos($this->url, $this->base) === 0) {
            $this->url = substr($this->url, \strlen($this->base));
        }

        // Default url
        if (empty($this->url) === true) {
            $this->url = '/';
        } else {
            // Merge URL query parameters with $_GET
            $_GET = array_merge($_GET, self::parseQuery($this->url));

            $this->query->setData($_GET);
        }

        // Check for JSON input
        if (strpos($this->type, 'application/json') === 0) {
            $body = $this->getBody();
            if ($body !== '') {
                $data = json_decode($body, true);
                if (is_array($data) === true) {
                    $this->data->setData($data);
                }
            }
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the body of the request.
     *
     * @return string Raw HTTP request body
     */
    public function getBody(): string
    {
        $body = $this->body;

        if ($body !== '') {
            return $body;
        }

        $method = $this->method ?? self::getMethod();

        if ($method === 'POST' || $method === 'PUT' || $method === 'DELETE' || $method === 'PATCH') {
            $body = file_get_contents($this->stream_path);
        }

        $this->body = $body;

        return $body;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the request method.
     */
    public static function getMethod(): string
    {
        $method = self::getVar('REQUEST_METHOD', 'GET');

        if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_HTTP_METHOD_OVERRIDE']) === true) {
            $method = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_HTTP_METHOD_OVERRIDE'];
        } elseif (isset($_REQUEST['_method']) === true) {
            $method = $_REQUEST['_method'];
        }

        return strtoupper($method);
    }

    /**
     * Gets the real remote IP address.
     *
     * @return string IP address
     */
    public static function getProxyIpAddress(): string
    {
        $forwarded = [
            'HTTP_CLIENT_IP',
            'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR',
            'HTTP_X_FORWARDED',
            'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP',
            'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR',
            'HTTP_FORWARDED',
        ];

        $flags = \FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | \FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE;

        foreach ($forwarded as $key) {
            if (\array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER) === true) {
                sscanf($_SERVER[$key], '%[^,]', $ip);
                if (filter_var($ip, \FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, $flags) !== false) {
                    return $ip;
                }
            }
        }

        return '';
    }

    /**
     * Gets a variable from $_SERVER using $default if not provided.
     *
     * @param string $var     Variable name
     * @param mixed  $default Default value to substitute
     *
     * @return mixed Server variable value
     */
    public static function getVar(string $var, $default = '')
    {
        return $_SERVER[$var] ?? $default;
    }

    /**
     * This will pull a header from the request.
     *
     * @param string $header  Header name. Can be caps, lowercase, or mixed.
     * @param string $default Default value if the header does not exist
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function getHeader(string $header, $default = ''): string
    {
        $header = 'HTTP_' . strtoupper(str_replace('-', '_', $header));
        return self::getVar($header, $default);
    }

    /**
     * Gets all the request headers
     *
     * @return array<string, string|int>
     */
    public static function getHeaders(): array
    {
        $headers = [];
        foreach ($_SERVER as $key => $value) {
            if (strpos($key, 'HTTP_') === 0) {
                // converts headers like HTTP_CUSTOM_HEADER to Custom-Header
                $key = str_replace(' ', '-', ucwords(str_replace('_', ' ', strtolower(substr($key, 5)))));
                $headers[$key] = $value;
            }
        }
        return $headers;
    }

    /**
     * Alias of Request->getHeader(). Gets a single header.
     *
     * @param string $header  Header name. Can be caps, lowercase, or mixed.
     * @param string $default Default value if the header does not exist
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public static function header(string $header, $default = '')
    {
        return self::getHeader($header, $default);
    }

    /**
     * Alias of Request->getHeaders(). Gets all the request headers
     *
     * @return array<string, string|int>
     */
    public static function headers(): array
    {
        return self::getHeaders();
    }

    /**
     * Gets the full request URL.
     *
     * @return string URL
     */
    public function getFullUrl(): string
    {
        return $this->scheme . '://' . $this->host . $this->url;
    }

    /**
     * Grabs the scheme and host. Does not end with a /
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getBaseUrl(): string
    {
        return $this->scheme . '://' . $this->host;
    }

    /**
     * Parse query parameters from a URL.
     *
     * @param string $url URL string
     *
     * @return array<string, int|string|array<int|string, int|string>>
     */
    public static function parseQuery(string $url): array
    {
        $params = [];

        $args = parse_url($url);
        if (isset($args['query']) === true) {
            parse_str($args['query'], $params);
        }

        return $params;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the URL Scheme
     *
     * @return string 'http'|'https'
     */
    public static function getScheme(): string
    {
        if (
            (isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) === true && strtolower($_SERVER['HTTPS']) === 'on')
            ||
            (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']) === true && $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'] === 'https')
            ||
            (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_FRONT_END_HTTPS']) === true && $_SERVER['HTTP_FRONT_END_HTTPS'] === 'on')
            ||
            (isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_SCHEME']) === true && $_SERVER['REQUEST_SCHEME'] === 'https')
        ) {
            return 'https';
        }

        return 'http';
    }
}