commit 7244d789c348a0dd16d446b38b828c7599c98baf
Author: Tom Moguljak <moguljak.tom@gmail.com>
Date:   Thu Sep 7 15:38:31 2023 +0200

    Création du README

diff --git a/Exo1/adresses_virtuelles.c b/Exo1/adresses_virtuelles.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe6c824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/adresses_virtuelles.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/* adresses virtuelles d'un processus */
+
+#include<stdio.h>
+#include<sys/types.h>
+#include<unistd.h>
+#include<stdlib.h>
+
+int t[1000] = {[0 ... 999] = 2};
+
+int main(int argc, char * argv[])
+{
+	int i=3;
+	static int j = 3;
+	char * m = (char*)malloc(1);
+
+	printf("mon pid est %d\n\n",getpid());
+
+	/* ------- Affichage des adresses --------*/
+
+	printf("main\t=\t%p\n",main);
+	printf("&argc\t=\t%p\n",&argc);
+	printf("&i\t=\t%p\n",&i);
+	printf("&j\t=\t%p\n",&j);
+	printf("t\t=\t%p\n",t);
+	printf("m\t=\t%p\n",m);
+
+	getchar();
+}
+
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/Makefile b/Exo1/ex1bis/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f6ddfde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+CFLAGS := -Wall -g -O0  
+SRC=buf.c heap.c huge.c mmap.c null.c stack.c
+
+DEPENDHELPERS=helpers.o
+
+BINARIES=$(SRC:%.c=%)
+
+%.o : %c
+	gcc -c $+
+
+$(BINARIES): % : %.o $(DEPENDHELPERS)
+	gcc  -o $@ $+
+
+all : $(BINARIES)
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *.o $(BINARIES)
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/buf.c b/Exo1/ex1bis/buf.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6b1d0f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/buf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "helpers.h"
+
+static char buf1[8  MB] = {0};
+static char buf2[16 MB] = {0};
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	randomize(buf2, 16 MB);
+	return interlude();
+}
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/data/256k b/Exo1/ex1bis/data/256k
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3e3746
Binary files /dev/null and b/Exo1/ex1bis/data/256k differ
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/heap.c b/Exo1/ex1bis/heap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..196ecb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/heap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "helpers.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	dirty(16 MB);
+	clean(32 MB);
+	return interlude();
+}
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/helpers.c b/Exo1/ex1bis/helpers.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a2799f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/helpers.c
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "helpers.h"
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+void randomize(char *buf, size_t n)
+{
+	assert(buf);
+	memset(buf, rand() & 0xff, n);
+}
+
+void clean(size_t b)
+{
+	for (; b > 0; b -= 1 KB)
+		calloc(1 KB, sizeof(char));
+}
+
+void dirty(size_t b)
+{
+	for (; b > 0; b -= 1 KB)
+		randomize(calloc(1 KB, sizeof(char)), 1 KB);
+}
+
+int interlude(void)
+{
+	pid_t pid = getpid();
+	printf("pid %i\n", (int)pid);
+	printf("------------------------------------------\n"
+	       "go check /proc/%i/smaps; I'll wait...\n"
+	       "press <Enter> when you're done\n", pid);
+	fgetc(stdin);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/helpers.h b/Exo1/ex1bis/helpers.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d8a774a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/helpers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#ifndef _HELPERS_H
+#define _HELPERS_H
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#define KB * 1024
+#define MB * 1024 * 1024
+
+void randomize(char *buf, size_t n);
+void clean(size_t n);
+void dirty(size_t n);
+int interlude(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/huge.c b/Exo1/ex1bis/huge.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..046aea0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/huge.c
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#include "helpers.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	char *under = malloc(96 KB);
+	randomize(under, 96 KB);
+
+	char *over = malloc(256 KB);
+	randomize(over, 256 KB);
+
+	return interlude();
+}
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/mmap.c b/Exo1/ex1bis/mmap.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac62144
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/mmap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#include "helpers.h"
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	/* inert map (never modified) */
+	char *inert = mmap(NULL, 16 KB,
+		PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+		MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE,
+		-1, 0);
+	/* anonymous, private mmap */
+	char *anon_priv = mmap(NULL, 32 KB,
+		PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+		MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE,
+		-1, 0);
+	randomize(anon_priv, 32 KB);
+
+	/* anonymous, shared map */
+	char *anon_shared = mmap(NULL, 64 KB,
+		PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+		MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_SHARED,
+		-1, 0);
+	randomize(anon_shared, 64 KB);
+
+	/* private, file-backed map */
+	int fd = open("data/256k", O_RDWR);
+	assert(fd >= 0);
+	char *file = mmap(NULL, 256 KB,
+		PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
+		MAP_PRIVATE,
+		fd, 0);
+	randomize(file, 128 KB);
+
+	return interlude();
+}
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/null.c b/Exo1/ex1bis/null.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbd46f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/null.c
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include "helpers.h"
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	return interlude();
+}
diff --git a/Exo1/ex1bis/stack.c b/Exo1/ex1bis/stack.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..700eef1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Exo1/ex1bis/stack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include "helpers.h"
+
+int main (int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	char buf[28 KB] = {0};
+	randomize(buf, 28 KB);
+	return interlude();
+}
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e96bdae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# TP 1 : Mémoire
+
+## Exercice 1
diff --git a/alignement.c b/alignement.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af17aeb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/alignement.c
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/* alignement et objets */
+
+struct exemple1 {
+	int x;
+	int y;
+	int z;
+	int w;
+};
+
+struct exemple2 {
+	char x;
+	char y;
+	char z;
+	char w;
+};
+
+struct exemple3 {
+	int x;
+	int y;
+	char z;
+	char w;
+};
+
+struct exemple4 {
+	int x;
+	char y;
+	int z;
+	char w;
+};
+
+union exemple5 {
+	int x;
+	char y;
+	int z;
+	char w;
+};
+
+int main()
+{
+	int a[4] = {1,2,3,4};
+	char c[4] = {'a','b','c','d'};
+	struct exemple1 ex1 = {1,2,3,4}; 
+	struct exemple2 ex2 = {'a','b','c','d'}; 
+	struct exemple3 ex3 = {1,2,'c','d'}; 
+	struct exemple4 ex4 = {1,'c',2,'d'}; 
+	union exemple5 ex5; 
+	int x = 61;
+	char y = 62;
+	int z = 63;
+	char w = 64;
+	ex5.x=62;ex5.y=63;ex5.z=64;ex5.w=65;
+
+	// appelez hexdump pour chaque variable
+}
+
diff --git a/bss_data.c b/bss_data.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b34c3db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bss_data.c
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+/* segment bss et data */
+#define N 1000
+int t[N]; /* version 1 */
+//int t[N]={1}; /* version 2 */
+
+int main()
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/ij_ji.c b/ij_ji.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..871aef9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ij_ji.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/* accès mémoire */
+
+#include<stdio.h>
+#include<time.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#define N 8192 
+
+int t[N][N];
+
+static inline double tstamp(void) 
+{                             
+	struct timespec tv;
+	clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tv);
+	return tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_nsec * 1.0e-9;
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	int i,j;
+	double t1,t2;
+	t1=tstamp();
+
+	/* version 1 */     
+
+	for(i=0;i<N;i++) for(j=0;j<N;j++) 
+		t[i][j] = 1;  
+
+	/* version 2 */ 
+
+	//  for(i=0;i<N;i++) for(j=0;j<N;j++) 
+	//t[j][i] = 1;  
+	//
+	t2=tstamp();
+	printf("time = %lf\n",t2-t1);
+	return 0;
+
+}
+
diff --git a/memoire/Makefile b/memoire/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed20c69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memoire/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+mem.o : mem.h mem.c
+	gcc -c mem.c
+
+main : main.c mem.o
+	gcc -o main main.c mem.o
diff --git a/memoire/main.c b/memoire/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea4a16f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memoire/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include<stdio.h>
+#include "mem.h"
+
+int main(int argc,char * argv[])
+{
+	int pages[] = {4,5,6,8,4,9,6,12,4,6,10};
+	simu(4,pages,11);
+
+}
diff --git a/memoire/mem.c b/memoire/mem.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3676a26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memoire/mem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,174 @@
+#include "mem.h"
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include<stdio.h>
+#include<string.h>
+
+typedef struct frame {
+	int no;
+	int page;
+	int r;    /* bit pour la seconde chance */
+} frame ;
+
+
+typedef struct fifo {
+	int head;    
+	int tail;
+	int nbelem;
+}  fifo; 
+
+typedef struct mem {
+	int nbframes;
+	frame * frames;
+} mem;
+
+static mem  *  memory=NULL;
+static fifo  FIFO; 
+
+
+/* Fifo est buffer circulaire
+ * head pointe sur la tete (element le plus ancien)
+ * tail pointe sur la queue (element le plus recent)
+ * nbelem represente le nombre d'element dans la file
+ * head et tail progressent modulo le nombre de frame 
+ * dans la memoire */
+/*    
+ *    Memoire
+	-------------
+	| frame 0   | <- head
+	-------------
+	| frame 1   |
+	-------------
+	| frame 2   | 
+	-------------
+	| frame 3   |
+	-------------
+	| frame 4   |
+	-------------
+	| ...       |
+	-------------
+	| ...       |
+	-------------
+	| ...       | <- tail
+	-------------
+	| ...       |
+	-------------
+*/
+
+static int init(int n)
+{
+
+	int i;
+	memory = (mem*)calloc(1,sizeof(mem));
+	memory-> nbframes = n;
+	memory-> frames = (frame *) calloc(n,sizeof(frame));
+	if (memory -> frames  == NULL) return -1;
+
+	for(i=0;i<n;i++){
+		memory->frames[i].no = i;
+		memory->frames[i].page = -1; /* les frames sont vides initialement */
+		memory->frames[i].r=0;
+	}
+	FIFO.head = FIFO.tail = 0;
+	FIFO.nbelem = 0;
+	return n;
+}
+
+static int _page_is_in(int page)
+{
+/* a ecrire */	
+}
+
+static int _fifo_is_full()
+{
+	return (FIFO.nbelem == memory->nbframes);
+}
+
+int get_page_2chance(int page)
+{
+/* pour la deuxieme question */
+}
+
+int get_page_fifo(int page)
+{
+	/* a ecrire */
+}
+
+void simu(int nb_frame,int t[],int l)
+{
+	int i,j;
+	init(nb_frame);
+	frame ** trace;
+	trace = (frame **) malloc(sizeof(frame *) * l);
+	int * defaut = (int *) calloc(l,sizeof(int));
+	for (i=0;i<l+1;i++) trace[i] = (frame *) malloc(nb_frame * sizeof(frame));
+	for(i=0;i<l;i++){
+
+		defaut[i] = get_page_fifo(t[i]);
+		//defaut[i] = get_page_2chance(t[i]);
+		memcpy (trace[i],memory->frames,sizeof(frame)*nb_frame);
+	}
+	printf("------------");
+	for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+		printf("------",i+1);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	printf("|temps    | ");
+	for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+		printf(" %3d |",i);
+
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	printf("------------");
+	for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+		printf("------",i+1);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+
+
+	printf("|page     | ");
+	for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+		printf(" %3d |",t[i]);
+
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+
+	printf("------------");
+	for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+		printf("------",i+1);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+
+
+	for(j=0;j<nb_frame;j++){
+		printf("|frame %3d| ",j);
+		for(i=0;i<l;i++){
+			if (trace[i][j].page !=-1)			printf(" %3d |",trace[i][j].page);
+			else printf("   X |"); 
+		}
+		printf("\n");
+		printf("------------");
+		for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+			printf("------",i+1);
+		}
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+	printf("|default  | ");
+	for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+		printf(" %3d |",!defaut[i]);
+
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+
+	printf("------------");
+	for (i=0;i<l;i++){
+		printf("------",i+1);
+	}
+	printf("\n");
+	free(memory->frames);
+	free(memory);
+	memory = NULL;
+	for(i=0;i<l;i++) free(trace[i]);
+	free(trace);
+
+}
+
diff --git a/memoire/mem.h b/memoire/mem.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5907a0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/memoire/mem.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef _MEM_H
+#define _MEM_H
+
+void simu(
+		int nb_frame, /* nombre de cadre */
+		int t[],      /* pages de la simulation */
+		int l);       /* nombres de pages pour la simulation */
+#endif
diff --git a/sum_array.c b/sum_array.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7fa4b9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sum_array.c
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+#include<stdio.h>
+#include<time.h>
+#include<stdlib.h>
+#include<string.h>
+#include<assert.h>
+
+static inline double tstamp(void) 
+{                                                                                    
+	struct timespec tv;
+	clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tv);
+	return tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_nsec * 1.0e-9;
+}
+
+void shuffle(int *array, size_t n)
+{
+	if (n > 1)
+	{
+		size_t i;
+		for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
+//		for (i = 0; i < n ; i++)
+		{
+			size_t j = i + rand() / (RAND_MAX / (n - i) + 1);
+//			size_t j = rand()%n;
+			int t = array[j];
+			array[j] = array[i];
+			array[i] = t;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void init_access_c(int access[],size_t size)
+{
+	int i;
+	for(i=0;i<size;i++) access[i] = i;
+}
+
+void init_access_d(int access[],size_t size)
+{
+	int i;
+	for(i=0;i<size;i++) access[i] = size-i-1;
+}
+
+void init_access_a(int access[],size_t size)
+{
+	init_access_c(access,size);
+	shuffle(access,size);
+}
+
+void init_array(int t[],int N)
+{
+	int i;
+	for(i=0;i<N;i++) t[i] = i ;
+
+}
+
+long int sum_array(int t[],int access[],size_t size)
+{
+	long int S=0;
+	int i;
+	for(i=0;i<size;i++) S += t[access[i]];
+	return S;
+}
+
+int main(int argc,char * argv[])
+{
+	double t1,t2;
+	int * array; // tableau à sommer (contient les tous les entiers [0,SIZE-1]
+	int * access;
+	int i,size;
+	long	int  S=0;
+
+
+	if (argc !=3) {
+		printf("%s -c|-d|-a SIZE\n",argv[0]);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	size=strtol(argv[2],NULL,0);
+
+	array=(int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*size);
+	assert(array != NULL);
+
+	access=(int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*size);
+	assert(access != NULL);
+
+
+	init_array(array,size);
+	if (strcmp(argv[1],"-c") == 0)
+		init_access_c(access,size);
+
+	if (strcmp(argv[1],"-d") == 0)
+		init_access_d(access,size);
+
+	if (strcmp(argv[1],"-a") == 0)
+		init_access_a(access,size);
+
+	/* On somme les elements en accedant au tableau 
+	 * sequentiellement (croissant/décroissant), ou 
+	 * de manière aléatoire
+	 * */
+
+	t1=tstamp();
+	S= sum_array(array,access,size);
+	t2=tstamp();
+
+	printf("S=%ld %lf\n",S,(t2-t1));
+
+}