TP2

SCR3.1/TP2/,

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+DD(1)                            User Commands                           DD(1)
+
+NAME
+       dd - convert and copy a file
+
+SYNOPSIS
+       dd [OPERAND]...
+       dd OPTION
+
+DESCRIPTION
+       Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.
+
+       bs=BYTES
+              read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512); over‐
+              rides ibs and obs
+
+       cbs=BYTES
+              convert BYTES bytes at a time
+
+       conv=CONVS
+              convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
+
+       count=N
+              copy only N input blocks
+
+       ibs=BYTES
+              read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
+
+       if=FILE
+              read from FILE instead of stdin
+
+       iflag=FLAGS
+              read as per the comma separated symbol list
+
+       obs=BYTES
+              write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
+
+       of=FILE
+              write to FILE instead of stdout
+
+       oflag=FLAGS
+              write as per the comma separated symbol list
+
+       seek=N (or oseek=N) skip N obs-sized output blocks
+
+       skip=N (or iseek=N) skip N ibs-sized input blocks
+
+       status=LEVEL
+              The  LEVEL  of information to print to stderr; ’none’ suppresses
+              everything but error messages,  ’noxfer’  suppresses  the  final
+              transfer  statistics, ’progress’ shows periodic transfer statis‐
+              tics
+
+       N and BYTES may be followed by the following  multiplicative  suffixes:
+       c=1,  w=2,  b=512,  kB=1000,  K=1024,  MB=1000*1000, M=1024*1024, xM=M,
+       GB=1000*1000*1000, G=1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y, R, Q.
+       Binary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.  If  N  ends
+       in ’B’, it counts bytes not blocks.
+
+       Each CONV symbol may be:
+
+       ascii  from EBCDIC to ASCII
+
+       ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC
+
+       ibm    from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
+
+       block  pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
+
+       unblock
+              replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
+
+       lcase  change upper case to lower case
+
+       ucase  change lower case to upper case
+
+       sparse try to seek rather than write all-NUL output blocks
+
+       swab   swap every pair of input bytes
+
+       sync   pad  every  input  block  with  NULs to ibs-size; when used with
+              block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
+
+       excl   fail if the output file already exists
+
+       nocreat
+              do not create the output file
+
+       notrunc
+              do not truncate the output file
+
+       noerror
+              continue after read errors
+
+       fdatasync
+              physically write output file data before finishing
+
+       fsync  likewise, but also write metadata
+
+       Each FLAG symbol may be:
+
+       append append mode (makes sense  only  for  output;  conv=notrunc  sug‐
+              gested)
+
+       direct use direct I/O for data
+
+       directory
+              fail unless a directory
+
+       dsync  use synchronized I/O for data
+
+       sync   likewise, but also for metadata
+
+       fullblock
+              accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)
+
+       nonblock
+              use non-blocking I/O
+
+       noatime
+              do not update access time
+
+       nocache
+              Request to drop cache.  See also oflag=sync
+
+       noctty do not assign controlling terminal from file
+
+       nofollow
+              do not follow symlinks
+
+       Sending a USR1 signal to a running ’dd’ process makes it print I/O sta‐
+       tistics to standard error and then resume copying.
+
+       Options are:
+
+       --help display this help and exit
+
+       --version
+              output version information and exit
+
+AUTHOR
+       Written by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, and Stuart Kemp.
+
+REPORTING BUGS
+       GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
+       Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
+
+COPYRIGHT
+       Copyright  ©  2023  Free Software Foundation, Inc.  License GPLv3+: GNU
+       GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
+       This is free software: you are free  to  change  and  redistribute  it.
+       There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
+
+SEE ALSO
+       Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/dd>
+       or available locally via: info '(coreutils) dd invocation'
+
+GNU coreutils 9.3                 April 2023                             DD(1)