Ajout du TP n°1
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TP1/COMMANDS.md
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TP1/COMMANDS.md
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# TP1 - Introduction à docker et cycle de vie
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## Sommaire
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2. [Installation](#2-installation)
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- [2.1. Installation de Docker](#21-installation-de-docker)
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- [2.2. Vérification de l'installation](#22-vérification-de-linstallation)
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3. [Premiers pas avec Docker](#3-premiers-pas-avec-docker)
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- [3.1. Images Docker](#31-images-docker)
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- [3.1.1. Lister les images disponibles](#311-lister-les-images-disponibles)
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- [3.1.2. Télécharger une image](#312-télécharger-une-image)
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- [3.1.3. Rechercher une image](#313-rechercher-une-image)
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- [3.2. Gestion basique des conteneurs](#32-gestion-basique-des-conteneurs)
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- [3.2.1. Créer un premier conteneur](#321-créer-un-premier-conteneur)
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- [3.2.2. Observer la différence en mode détaché](#322-observer-la-différence-en-mode-détaché)
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4. [Cycle de vie des conteneurs](#4-cycle-de-vie-des-conteneurs)
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- [4.1. États des conteneurs](#41-états-des-conteneurs)
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- [4.1.1. Commandes d'observation](#411-commandes-dobservation)
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- [4.1.2. Exercice pratique](#412-exercice-pratique)
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- [4.2. Manipulation des états](#42-manipulation-des-états)
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5. [Inspection et Debug](#5-inspection-et-debug)
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- [5.1. Logs et monitoring](#51-logs-et-monitoring)
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- [5.2. Inspection détaillée](#52-inspection-détaillée)
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6. [Exercice final](#6-exercice-final)
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## 2. Installation
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### 2.1. Installation de Docker
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URL de la page de documentation : https://docs.docker.com/desktop/setup/install/linux/archlinux/
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**Note** : Docker est déjà installé sur le système des machines de l'IUT.
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### 2.2 Vérification de l'installation
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```bash
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# Vérification de la version installée
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sudo docker --version
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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Docker version 27.2.0, build 3ab4256958
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```
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```bash
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# Test de fonctionnement avec l'image "hello-world"
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sudo docker run hello-world
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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Hello from Docker!
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This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
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```
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## 3. Premiers pas avec Docker
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### 3.1. Images Docker
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#### 3.1.1. Lister les images disponibles
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```bash
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sudo docker images
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
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<none> <none> 87a2e3453d58 12 days ago 509MB
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<none> <none> 93d79f7e6a26 12 days ago 509MB
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<none> <none> 7f2d24628277 12 days ago 509MB
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chocolate_app-backend latest d7032a3bdf2f 12 days ago 509MB
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[...]
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```
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#### 3.1.2. Télécharger une image
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```bash
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sudo docker pull nginx
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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Using default tag: latest
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latest: Pulling from library/nginx
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6e909acdb790: Already exists
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5eaa34f5b9c2: Pull complete
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417c4bccf534: Pull complete
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e7e0ca015e55: Pull complete
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373fe654e984: Pull complete
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97f5c0f51d43: Pull complete
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c22eb46e871a: Pull complete
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Digest: sha256:124b44bfc9ccd1f3cedf4b592d4d1e8bddb78b51ec2ed5056c52d3692baebc19
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Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
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docker.io/library/nginx:latest
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```
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#### 3.1.3. Rechercher une image
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```bash
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sudo docker search ubuntu
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL
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ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 17524 [OK]
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ubuntu/squid Squid is a caching proxy for the Web. Long-t… 108
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ubuntu/nginx Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxy & we… 128
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ubuntu/cortex Cortex provides storage for Prometheus. Long… 4
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ubuntu/kafka Apache Kafka, a distributed event streaming … 53
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```
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### 3.2 Gestion basique des conteneurs
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#### 3.2.1. Créer un premier conteneur
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```bash
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sudo docker run nginx
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
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[...]
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```
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#### 3.2.2. Observer la différence en mode détaché
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```bash
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sudo docker run -d nginx
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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e624c2ff986d10b23dc4836b3a0cb4c89013f0188b48693a307280d96735e0ff
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```
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## 4. Cycle de vie des conteneurs
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### 4.1. États des conteneurs
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#### 4.1.1. Commandes d'observation
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```bash
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# Conteneurs en cours d'exécution
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sudo docker ps
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
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e624c2ff986d nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 80/tcp gallant_roentgen
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```
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```bash
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# Liste de tous les conteneurs (actifs et inactifs)
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sudo docker ps -a
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
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e624c2ff986d nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 80/tcp gallant_roentgen
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1ec88668966f nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 9 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 minutes ago musing_kowalevski
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f27bbe04a801 hello-world "/hello" 13 minutes ago Exited (0) 13 minutes ago loving_ritchie
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8e68c7f4032a hello-world "/hello" 13 minutes ago Exited (0) 13 minutes ago wonderful_proskuriakova
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[...]
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```
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#### 4.1.2. Exercice pratique
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1. Création de trois conteneurs nginx avec des noms différents :
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```bash
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sudo docker run -d --name web1 nginx
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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74ea9e483cdfc65659e8d957de11da91c8e4c8e523f950f5bb140596fb197e90
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker run -d --name web2 nginx
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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10df9341c62a04d78b7ba5649c5e45c865013ea616b21362fbbd026a99e86f90
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker run -d --name web3 nginx
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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1ecd55481aedc61da233a6b26f5b4041f24f2eaa378e9cb44aed4a1180d4c97c
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```
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2. Observation des états des conteneurs :
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```bash
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sudo docker ps
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
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1ecd55481aed nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 22 seconds ago Up 22 seconds 80/tcp web3
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10df9341c62a nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 25 seconds ago Up 25 seconds 80/tcp web2
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74ea9e483cdf nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 29 seconds ago Up 28 seconds 80/tcp web1
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e624c2ff986d nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 11 minutes ago Up 11 minutes 80/tcp gallant_roentgen
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```
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3. Colonnes importantes dans la sortie de `docker ps` :
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- **STATUS** : pour voir le statut actuel du conteneur
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- **NAMES** : pour voir le nom attribué au conteneur
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- **CONTAINER ID** : pour identifier le conteneur de manière unique
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- **PORTS** : pour voir les ports exposés par le conteneur
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### 4.2. Manipulation des états
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```bash
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sudo docker stop web1
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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web1
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker start web1
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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web1
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker restart web2
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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web2
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker pause web3
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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web3
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker unpause web3
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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web3
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker kill web1
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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web1
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```
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## 5. Inspection et Debug
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### 5.1. Logs et monitoring
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```bash
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sudo docker logs web3
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
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[...]
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[FIN DE L'EXECUTION]
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker logs -f web3
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
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[...]
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[NE S'ARRETE PAS]
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker stats
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
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1ecd55481aed web3 0.00% 12.8MiB / 15.4GiB 0.08% 4.43kB / 0B 0B / 12.3kB 17
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10df9341c62a web2 0.00% 12.62MiB / 15.4GiB 0.08% 2.69kB / 0B 0B / 4.1kB 17
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e624c2ff986d gallant_roentgen 0.00% 12.74MiB / 15.4GiB 0.08% 7.23kB / 0B 0B / 12.3kB 17
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```
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### 5.2. Inspection détaillée
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```bash
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sudo docker inspect web3
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```json
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[
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{
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"Id": "1ecd55481aedc61da233a6b26f5b4041f24f2eaa378e9cb44aed4a1180d4c97c",
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"Created": "2025-04-01T13:37:34.201569663Z",
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"Path": "/docker-entrypoint.sh",
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[...]
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}
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}
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]
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker exec -it web3 /bin/bash
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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root@1ecd55481aed:/#
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```
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*Note: Cette commande permet d'accéder à un terminal interactif à l'intérieur du conteneur.*
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## 6. Exercice final
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```bash
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sudo docker run -d --name web-test nginx
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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c7bd94aad4f8f9f9e24fada2c5eb09c60771852a434a3245561ebda94372ad63
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker ps
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
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c7bd94aad4f8 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 42 seconds ago Up 41 seconds 80/tcp web-test
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1ecd55481aed nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 35 minutes ago Up 35 minutes 80/tcp web3
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10df9341c62a nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 35 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 80/tcp web2
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e624c2ff986d nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 46 minutes ago Up 46 minutes 80/tcp gallant_roentgen
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker ps -a
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
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c7bd94aad4f8 nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 80/tcp web-test
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1ecd55481aed nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 36 minutes ago Up 36 minutes 80/tcp web3
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10df9341c62a nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 36 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 80/tcp web2
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74ea9e483cdf nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 36 minutes ago Exited (137) 6 minutes ago web1
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[...]
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```
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```bash
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sudo docker logs web-test
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```
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**Résultat** :
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```
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Looking for shell scripts in /docker-entrypoint.d/
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/docker-entrypoint.sh: Launching /docker-entrypoint.d/10-listen-on-ipv6-by-default.sh
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[...]
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```
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Reference in New Issue
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